باب كَيْفَ يُقْبَضُ الْعِلْمُ
وَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ إِلَى أَبِى بَكْرِ بْنِ حَزْمٍ انْظُرْ مَا كَانَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صلى الله عليه وسلم - فَاكْتُبْهُ ، فَإِنِّى خِفْتُ دُرُوسَ الْعِلْمِ وَذَهَابَ الْعُلَمَاءِ ، وَلاَ تَقْبَلْ إِلاَّ حَدِيثَ النَّبِىِّ - صلى الله عليه وسلم - ، وَلْتُفْشُوا الْعِلْمَ ، وَلْتَجْلِسُوا حَتَّى يُعَلَّمَ مَنْ لاَ يَعْلَمُ ، فَإِنَّ الْعِلْمَ لاَ يَهْلِكُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ سِرًّا . حَدَّثَنَا الْعَلاَءُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ بِذَلِكَ ، يَعْنِى حَدِيثَ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ذَهَابَ الْعُلَمَاءِ .
Chapter 34 : How will be the knowledge seized?
And 'Umar bin 'Abdul 'Aziz wrote to Abu Bakr bin Hazm, "Look for the knowledge of Hadith and get it written, as I am afraid that religious knowledge will vanish and the religious learned men will pass away (die). Do not accept anything save the Ahaadith of the Prophet. Circulate knowledge and teach the ignorant, for knowledge does not vanish except when it is kept secretly (to oneself)." Narrated Abdullah Ibn Dinar: also narrates the same (above-mentioned statement) as has been narrated by 'Umar bin 'Abdul 'Aziz up to "The religious scholar (learned men) will pass away (die)."

Purpose of Tarjamatul Baab
In previous chapters Imam Bukhari mentioned the importance of knowledge and the etiquettes of its seekers; now in this chapter he tells us that it is equally important to take measures which will ensure the persistence of the knowledge in the world. For this purpose he quotes an advice of Hadhrat Umar bin Abdul Aziz, which he wrote to Abu baker bin Hazam, who was the governor of Madina at that time. Hadhrat Umar bin Abdul Aziz was one of the most pious Khaifas of this Ummah after the four Khulfa-al-Raashideen (i.e., Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali (RA)). The significance of the statement of Hadhrat Umar bin Abdul Aziz mentioned in this Hadith is self evident. He asked Abu Bakr bin Hazam three things:
To make arrangements for putting down the Hadith in written form.
To establish the educational institutions where the Hadith will be taught.
To popularize the preaching of Hadith to the maximum, and
To make it sure that only the authentic Ahaadith are written or propagated.
This statement also shows how virtuous are those who spend their lives in the service of Hadith. May Allah accept us also for this job. Imam Bukhari also quotes this narration from Abdullah bin Dinar but only up to the words, "The religious scholar (learned men) will pass away (die)."

Hadith No. 99
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِى أُوَيْسٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِى مَالِكٌ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ - صلى الله عليه وسلم - يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَقْبِضُ الْعِلْمَ انْتِزَاعًا ، يَنْتَزِعُهُ مِنَ الْعِبَادِ ، وَلَكِنْ يَقْبِضُ الْعِلْمَ بِقَبْضِ الْعُلَمَاءِ ، حَتَّى إِذَا لَمْ يُبْقِ عَالِمًا ، اتَّخَذَ النَّاسُ رُءُوسًا جُهَّالاً فَسُئِلُوا ، فَأَفْتَوْا بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ ، فَضَلُّوا وَأَضَلُّوا . قَالَ الْفِرَبْرِىُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّاسٌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ عَنْ هِشَامٍ نَحْوَهُ .

Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr bin al'-Aas (RA)
I heard Allah's Apostle saying, "Allah does not take away the knowledge, by taking it away from (the hearts of) the people, but takes it away by the death of the religious learned men till when none of the (religious learned men) remains, people will take as their leaders ignorant persons who when consulted will give their verdict without knowledge. So they will go astray and will lead the people astray."

Comments
'Abdullah bin 'Amr bin al'Aas says that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said that the knowledge will not be lifted from the world in such a way that the scholars will be alive and the knowledge will be seized from their chests, but, the carriers of the knowledge (i.e., the scholars) will die and the new generations will remain devoid of these religious learned men and people will take ignorant people as their leaders who when consulted will give their verdict without knowledge. So they will go astray and will lead the people astray. This Hadith shows the value of the religious learned men and the importance of the efforts the Muslim Ummah should undertake to make arrangements for putting down the Hadith in written form, to establish the educational institutions where the Hadith will be taught, to popularize the preaching of Hadith to the maximum and to make sure that only authentic Hadith are written or propagated.
A Hadith, quoted in Musnad Ahmad on the authority of Abu Amama Bahili, says that Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam), on the occasion of Hajatul-Vida' said:
"Learn knowledge before it is seized." A Sahaabi asked him (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam), what would be the method of seizing the knowledge?, Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said," Beware, lifting of knowledge is the lifting of one who carries it (i.e., the scholars)."

باب هَلْ يُجْعَلُ لِلنِّسَاءِ يَوْمٌ عَلَى حِدَةٍ فِى الْعِلْمِ
Chapter 35 : Should there be a separate (teaching) day for women?

Islam has given equal importance to the education of women. Unfortunately, the enemies of Islam have always tried to make false propaganda in the world that Islam wants to keep the women folk uneducated. In this chapter Imam Bukhari has highlighted the significance of women education in Islam.

Hadith No. 100
حَدَّثَنَا آدَمُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِى ابْنُ الأَصْبَهَانِىِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا صَالِحٍ ذَكْوَانَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِى سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِىِّ . قَالَتِ النِّسَاءُ لِلنَّبِىِّ - صلى الله عليه وسلم - غَلَبَنَا عَلَيْكَ الرِّجَالُ ، فَاجْعَلْ لَنَا يَوْمًا مِنْ نَفْسِكَ . فَوَعَدَهُنَّ يَوْمًا لَقِيَهُنَّ فِيهِ ، فَوَعَظَهُنَّ وَأَمَرَهُنَّ ، فَكَانَ فِيمَا قَالَ لَهُنَّ مَا مِنْكُنَّ امْرَأَةٌ تُقَدِّمُ ثَلاَثَةً مِنْ وَلَدِهَا إِلاَّ كَانَ لَهَا حِجَابًا مِنَ النَّارِ . فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ وَاثْنَيْنِ فَقَالَ وَاثْنَيْنِ

Narrated Abu Said Al-Khudri (RA)
Some women requested the Prophet to fix a day for them as the men were taking all his time. On that he promised them one day for religious lessons and commandments. Once during such a lesson the Prophet said, "A woman whose three children die will be shielded by them from the Hell fire." On that a woman asked, "If only two die?" He replied, "Even two (will shield her from the Hell-fire)."

Comments
Abu Said Al-Khudri says that once some women requested Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) to fix up a separate day exclusively for their education as they felt that the major share of it is taken by the men. Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) readily accepted their request and fixed a day exclusively for them. He did not tell them to join the men, neither he told them that they did not need it. This Hadith shows us that the women have a right to have education and that Islam does not encourage co-education. Furthermore, this Hadith states that a women, whose three children have died, will be shielded from hell fire. It is stated in other narrations that the Muslim children who die at very young age, i.e., before puberty, will go to Jannat. When such a child will be told to go to Jannat, he or she will insist that he will not enter Jannat without his or her mother. The second reason is that a mother usually possesses too much love for her children especially the young ones, so if she shows the patience on the death of her young children, she will be rewarded with Jannat.

Hadith No. 101
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا غُنْدَرٌ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الأَصْبَهَانِىِّ عَنْ ذَكْوَانَ عَنْ أَبِى سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِىِّ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِهَذَا . وَعَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الأَصْبَهَانِىِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا حَازِمٍ عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ ثَلاَثَةً لَمْ يَبْلُغُوا الْحِنْثَ .

Narrated Abu Said Al-Khudri (RA)
as above (the sub narrators are different). Abu Huraira qualified the three children referred to in the above mentioned Hadith as not having reached the age of committing sins (i.e. age of puberty) .

Comments
This Hadith is related to the above mentioned Hadith in which it was said that "A woman whose three children die will be shielded by them from the hell fire". Here it is specifically mentioned that this glad tiding about the reward of Jannat is to such a woman who has lost three or two such children who died before the age of puberty. As already mentioned a mother is too much attached to her children at young age.

باب مَنْ سَمِعَ شَيْئًا فَرَاجَعَ حَتَّى يَعْرِفَهُ
Chapter 36 : One who heard something (but did not understand it), and then asked again he understood it.

Purpose of Tarjamatul Baab
Here Imam Bukhari teaches us that it is necessary for a student to make sure that he understands satisfactorily the lessons of his teacher and if he does not understand any particular point he should not hesitate to ask his teacher and clear it and the teacher should also not feel offended by such kind of questions from his student.

Hadith No. 102
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِى مَرْيَمَ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا نَافِعُ بْنُ عُمَرَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِى ابْنُ أَبِى مُلَيْكَةَ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِىِّ - صلى الله عليه وسلم - كَانَتْ لاَ تَسْمَعُ شَيْئًا لاَ تَعْرِفُهُ إِلاَّ رَاجَعَتْ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَعْرِفَهُ ، وَأَنَّ النَّبِىَّ - صلى الله عليه وسلم - قَالَ مَنْ حُوسِبَ عُذِّبَ . قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَقُلْتُ أَوَ لَيْسَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى ( فَسَوْفَ يُحَاسَبُ حِسَابًا يَسِيرًا ) قَالَتْ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ الْعَرْضُ ، وَلَكِنْ مَنْ نُوقِشَ الْحِسَابَ يَهْلِكْ

Narrated Ibn Abu Mulaika (RA)
Whenever 'Aisha (the wife of the Prophet) heard anything which she did not understand, she used to ask again till she understood it completely. Aisha said: "Once the Prophet said, "Whoever will be called to account (about his deeds on the Day of Resurrection) will surely be punished." I said, "Doesn't Allah say: "He surely will receive an easy reckoning." (84.8) The Prophet replied, "This means only the presentation of the accounts but whoever will be argued about his account, will certainly be ruined."

Comments
In order to justify his point that a student should clear his doubts from his teacher, Imam Bukhari has quoted the habit of Hadhrat Aisha who used to ask Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) again and again whenever she failed to understanding anything in the first instance. As in this case Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said ,"Whoever will be called to account (about his deeds on the Day of Resurrection) will surely be punished." Hadhrat Aisha thought about the verse of the Holy Qur'an which says, "He surely will receive an easy reckoning." This seemed to her contradictory to what Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said in this Hadith that whoever will be called to account, will surely be punished. So, she asked about the clarification of her doubt. Rasulullah (Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam) said that this verse of the Qur'an, in which it is said that there will be easy reckoning, is about the presentation of the account. It means that just the presentation of the accounts is something different and the argument about the accounts is different. The verse of the Qur'an is about the presentation of the accounts i.e., as Shah Waliullah Delhvi says, some people will just be presented with their deed list and will be forgiven and those who will be questioned about their deeds will get ruined. It is not necessary that they all will be thrown into hell but this questioning on that day will in itself be a great punishment.